Prophet Adam (عليه السلام)
The First Human and the First Messenger of Allah
🧱 Introduction
Prophet Adam (عليه السلام) was the first human being created by Allah and the first Prophet sent to mankind. His wife, Hawwa (Eve), was also created by Allah to be his companion. Adam’s story is detailed in several places in the Qur’an, notably in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:30–38) and Surah Al-A'raaf (7:11–25). According to Islamic tradition, Adam and Hawwa’s children were born as twins — each pair consisting of one boy and one girl.
🌟 Adam’s Superiority Over Angels
Adam (عليه السلام) held a high status in Allah’s sight. He was created directly by Allah’s Hands from clay, and Allah breathed His spirit into him. Moreover, Adam was blessed with knowledge and understanding, setting him apart even from the angels.
"And He taught Adam the names – all of them. Then He presented them to the angels and said, 'Tell Me the names of these, if you are truthful.'"
— Surah Al-Baqarah (2:31)
The angels responded:
"Glory be to You, we have no knowledge except what You have taught us. Surely, You are the All-Knowing, the All-Wise."
— Surah Al-Baqarah (2:32)
Then Allah commanded Adam to inform the angels of the names:
"O Adam, inform them of their names."
— Surah Al-Baqarah (2:33)
This display of knowledge proved Adam's superiority in understanding and intellect. Allah made it clear that His choice of Adam as a Khalifah (successor) on Earth was based on divine wisdom — knowledge the angels did not possess.
😈 Iblis’s Arrogance and Refusal to Obey
Allah instructed the angels and Iblis (a jinn who worshipped among them) to prostrate in respect to Adam:
"So the angels prostrated—all of them together—except Iblis. He refused and was arrogant and became one of the disbelievers."
— Surah Al-A'raaf (7:11)
Iblis refused, saying:
"I am better than him. You created me from fire, and You created him from clay."
— Surah Sad (38:76)
This act of defiance was the first sin committed in the divine presence — rooted in arrogance and pride. As a result, Allah expelled Iblis from Paradise and cursed him until the Day of Judgment. However, Allah granted Iblis’s request for respite until the Resurrection, after which Iblis vowed to mislead humanity from every direction.
"Except Your sincere servants among them, I will misguide all of them."
— Surah Al-Hijr (15:40)
🕊️ Creation of Hawwa and Life in Paradise
To ease Adam’s solitude, Allah created Hawwa (Eve) from him — many scholars say from his rib — as a companion and spouse.
"O Adam, dwell, you and your wife in Paradise and eat freely thereof as you wish; but do not approach this tree, lest you become among the wrongdoers."
— Surah Al-Baqarah (2:35)
The exact type of the tree has not been specified in authentic sources. Scholars have variously described it as a grapevine, fig tree, barley tree, or others — but ultimately, the identity is irrelevant; what matters is the divine prohibition.
🐍 Satan’s Deception and the First Sin
Iblis began whispering temptations:
"Shall I show you the Tree of Eternity and a kingdom that never decays?"
— Surah Taha (20:120)
Over time, Adam and Hawwa, being human, forgot the command and ate from the forbidden tree. The moment they disobeyed, their garments of Paradise vanished, and they felt exposed.
"So he caused them to fall through deception. And when they tasted of the tree, their private parts became visible to them, and they began to cover themselves with leaves of Paradise."
— Surah Al-A'raaf (7:22)
😢 The First Repentance
When Allah called out to them, they immediately realized their error and turned to Him in remorse:
"Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves. If You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers."
— Surah Al-A'raaf (7:23)
This was the first act of Tawbah (repentance) in human history. Allah accepted their repentance:
"Then Adam received words from his Lord, and He accepted his repentance. Verily, He is the Accepting of repentance, the Most Merciful."
— Surah Al-Baqarah (2:37)
🌍 Descending to Earth
Despite being forgiven, Adam and Hawwa were sent down to live on Earth:
"Descend, being to one another enemies. And for you on the earth is a dwelling and provision for a time."
— Surah Al-A'raaf (7:24–25)
Some narrations suggest that Adam was sent to India and Hawwa to the area near modern-day Jeddah. After seeking each other for days, they reunited at Mount Arafat, near Makkah — hence the name Jabal al-Rahmah (Mount of Mercy).
🧒 The Children of Adam
Adam and Hawwa had many children. Among them were:
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Qabil (Cain) and his twin sister
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Habil (Abel) and his twin sister
Allah commanded that each son marry the other's twin sister (cross-marry), but Qabil objected, desiring his own twin. Adam instructed both sons to make a sacrifice to Allah.
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Habil sacrificed a healthy animal.
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Qabil offered poor-quality crops.
Allah accepted Habil’s offering, rejecting Qabil’s.
"Indeed, Allah only accepts from those who fear Him."
— Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:27)
Enraged by jealousy, Qabil killed Habil, committing the first murder on Earth.
⚰️ The First Burial
Not knowing what to do with the body, Qabil was shown a sign:
"Then Allah sent a crow scratching the ground to show him how to bury his brother’s corpse. He said, 'Woe to me! Was I not even able to be like this crow and hide my brother’s body?' Then he became regretful."
— Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:31)
He then buried his brother, learning the act of burial from nature.
👑 Successor to Adam – Prophet Shiith (Seth)
As Prophet Adam grew older, he appointed his son Shiith (Seth) as his successor. Adam passed down the knowledge of divine worship and guidance. Shiith continued spreading the teachings of Tawheed and righteousness among mankind.
🪦 Death and Burial of Prophet Adam (عليه السلام)
Adam lived for around 960–1000 years. When his time came, the angels buried him — a practice he had already taught his children.
Some narrations suggest:
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He was buried at Abu Qubays Mountain in Makkah
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Others say his body was later moved and buried in Jerusalem (Al-Aqsa) by Prophet Nuh (Noah عليه السلام)
His wife, Hawwa, passed away after him and was buried nearby — reportedly in Jeddah, which means “grandmother” in Arabic.
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